Scratches, also known as greasy heel, is one of the most common equine skin ailments. It is caused by a bacterial infection that affects the skin and hair of the lower legs and feet of the horse. Scratches can cause discomfort and lameness in horses, so it is important to treat them quickly and effectively. In this article, we will discuss the causes of scratches, how to prevent them, and how to get rid of them once they have appeared.
What Causes Scratches in Horses?
Scratches is caused by a bacterial infection, usually due to the presence of a fungus or bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa. These bacteria can enter the skin through cuts, abrasions, or insect bites. They can also enter through damp bedding, mud, or wet grass. In some cases, scratches can be caused by an allergic reaction to grass or hay.
How to Prevent Scratches in Horses
Scratches can be prevented by following a few simple steps.
- Cleanliness: Keeping the horse clean is essential in preventing scratches. Make sure to provide a clean, dry environment for your horse. Remove mud, wet grass, and other debris from their areas. Also, avoid overcrowding and make sure to provide adequate ventilation.
- Inspection: Inspect the horse’s legs and feet regularly for any cuts, abrasions, insect bites, or other signs of infection. If any of these signs are present, take action quickly to prevent the infection from spreading.
- Diet: Provide your horse with a balanced diet that includes plenty of fresh hay and grass. Avoid feeding them too much grain, since this can lead to an increase in bacteria and fungi in their environment.
- Vaccination: Make sure to keep your horse’s vaccinations up to date, as this can help prevent the spread of bacterial infections.
How to Get Rid of Scratches on Horses
If your horse has already developed scratches, it is important to take action quickly. The following steps can help you get rid of scratches on horses:
1. Clean the Affected Area
The first step is to clean the affected area. Use a mild soap and warm water to gently wash the area. Make sure to rinse the area thoroughly and dry it with a clean towel.
2. Apply an Antibiotic Ointment
Once the area is clean, you can apply an antibiotic ointment to the affected area. This will help to reduce the inflammation and speed up the healing process.
3. Apply an Anti-Fungal Solution
If your horse has scratches due to a fungal infection, you can also apply an anti-fungal solution to the affected area. This can help to prevent the infection from spreading.
4. Keep the Area Clean and Dry
Once the area has been cleaned and treated, it is important to keep it clean and dry. This will help to prevent the infection from recurring.
5. Change Your Horse’s Environment
If your horse’s environment is contributing to the infection, you may need to make some changes. Make sure to provide your horse with a clean and dry environment and avoid overcrowding.
6. Use a Fly Sheet or Fly Mask
Flies are a common cause of scratches, so it is important to protect your horse from them. You can do this by using a fly sheet or fly mask when your horse is outside.
7. Use a Barrier Cream
A barrier cream can help to protect the affected area from further infection. Use a barrier cream that is specifically formulated for horses.
8. Provide Your Horse with Proper Nutrition
Make sure your horse is getting a balanced diet that includes plenty of fresh hay and grass. Avoid feeding them too much grain, since this can lead to an increase in bacteria and fungi in their environment.
9. Talk to Your Veterinarian
If the scratches are severe or do not seem to be getting better, it is important to talk to your veterinarian. They can help to diagnose the problem and provide you with the best course of treatment.
10. Use Natural Remedies
There are also some natural remedies that can be used to treat scratches. These remedies include apple cider vinegar, tea tree oil, aloe vera, and honey. Make sure to talk to your veterinarian before using any natural remedies, as they may not be suitable for all horses.
Conclusion
Scratches can be a painful and uncomfortable condition for horses, so it is important to take steps to prevent and treat them. By following the steps outlined above, you can help to get rid of scratches on horses quickly and effectively. If the scratches are severe or do not seem to be getting better, it is important to talk to your veterinarian for the best course of treatment.